Уровень рецепции к адреналину на лимфоцитах периферической крови у больных рецидивирующим стромальным герпетическим кератитом

Abstract

Introduction. Over the past three decades it was obtained of the indicating data of the immune and neuroendocrine systems integration for the maintain homeostasis and adapt the body to unfavorable conditions. It has been established that disturbances at various levels of interaction between these systems can precede the onset of diseases (cancer pathology, immunodeficiency, allergic and autoimmune diseases). Herpetic keratitis in patients of the same age and condition can proceed in different ways - either the initial process ends or there is a recurrent process: both rarely recurrent and often recurrent (more than 1 time per year), leading to complete destruction of the eye structures. The imbalance is due to a variety of reasons, including various adaptive reactions of the body. T-lymphocytes have a cellular mechanism for both synthesis and degradation of neurotransmitters. Lymphocytes themselves can synthesize catecholamines. T- lymphocytes express choline acetyltransferase and produce acetylcholine. Material and methods: Examination was performed on 96 patients with recurrent stromal herpetic keratitis (SHK) in different periods of the disease: relapse - 37 people, relapse with a prolonged course (more than 3 months) - 14 people, the end of relapse - 11 people, and remission - 34 people. The age of the patients was 41.6±1.5 years. The control group consisted of 16 healthy volunteers of the same age. Examination was performed on the basis of the Department of Cornea Pathology and the Laboratory of Immunology of the State University " The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine". The work included measures to ensure the safety and health of patients and accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration of Human Rights. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant after a detailed explanation of the nature of the study. Determination of lymphocyte subpopulations and molecular markers of lymphocyte activation was performed using monoclonal antibodies by histoimmunocytochemical method. To assess the specific sensitivity of lymphocytes to adrenaline (0.18% adrenaline solution (Ukraine)) and acetylcholine (0.1% acetylcholine chloride solution (Ukraine)), we used a complex method of assessing the individual sensitivity of the body to drugs, developed in the laboratory of immunology using the method of parallel samples. Determination of interleukins - interleukins 4, 6, 10 and tumor necrosis factor- a (TNF-α) - were carried out in blood serum at patients with SHK Results: In relapse of SHK the absolute and relative number of T-lymphocytes expressing adrenoceptors was, respectively, 1.7 and 2.0 times higher than the norm. In remission it remained above the norm by 30%. In the period of recurrent SHK relapse, the absolute and relative number of T-lymphocytes with expression of acetylcholine receptors was on average 1.9 times higher than the norm in and in the period of remission - 53.8% higher than the norm. The level of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes with expression of adreno-/acetylcholine receptors positively correlates with the level of immunocompetent cells: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19, also directly correlates with subpopulations of lymphocytes with activation molecular markers CD 5, CD 54, CD 25 and CD 95. That is, the activation of adren- and acetycholine reception on T-lymphocytes directly correlates with the activation of cellular and humoral immunity. he level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) concentration in blood serum directly correlates (r=0.43, p<0.05) with the level of the number of T-lymphocytes with the expression of acetylcholine receptors. Such connections were not found with the level of concentration in blood serum of interleukins IL-6, IL-10, IL-4. Conclusions: Peculiarities of expression of adrenoreceptors and actylcholinergic receptors were identified during different periods of the course of recurrent stromal herpetic keratitis