ЗНИЖЕННЯ РИЗИКУ ПРОГРЕСУВАННЯ ГЛАУКОМНОЇ ОПТИЧНОЇ НЕЙРОПАТІЇ ПІСЛЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОЇ НЕЙРОПРОТЕКЦІЇ

Abstract

The problem of glaucomatous neurodegeneration with progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and development of visual field defects can lead to irreversible blindness. In this regard, there is a need to search for effective strategies for neuroprotection of RGCs.Objective. To study the risk of glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) progression in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) after complex neuroprotection by photobiomodulation (PBM) and nutraceutical formula AREDS2 with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) enhancement and resveratrol for a 12- month follow-up.Material and methods. A total of 137 patients (137 eyes) diagnosed with early or advanced POAG were examined. The main group (group 1) included 74 patients, the control group (group 2) – 63 patients. All patients underwent PBM therapy. Patients of group 1 were additionally recommended the nutraceutical formula AREDS2, enriched with ω-3 PUFA and resveratrol 60 mg (Resvega® Forte; Théa, France; 2 capsules per day) for 12 months. Using Cox regression, the relative risk (cumulative risk function) for predicting the progression of GON was calculated.Results. After 12 months of observation, the median POAG in group 1 exceeded the initial level by 15%. Stabilization and a tendency to improve the parameters of retinal morphometry, Humphrey computer perimetry, as well as an improvement in intraocular blood volume by 24% (p = 0.001) were noted. In the control group, deterioration in all parameters was noted.Conclusions. Complex neuroprotection using PBM and taking the AREDS2 nutraceutical with ω-3 PUFA and resveratrol (60 mg) for 12 months in patients with POAG can reduce the relative risk of progression of GON by 2.27 times (95% DI 1, 38–3.75).